不同卫星定位加权方法的比较与分析

Comparison and analysis of different GNSS weighting methods

测量值随机误差加权模型是卫星定位的重要组成部分,它能够更加合理地分配各卫星在解算中所起的作用大小,并获得更高的定位精度。该文对目前基于卫星仰角与载噪比或信噪比两大影响因素的多种主流定权方法进行了系统阐述与讨论。通过GPS实测定位实验,对9种不同定权模型的效果进行了综合比较与分析。实验结果表明,各加权模型基本均能够在不同程度上提高定位精度,其中综合考虑仰角与载噪比或信噪比的加权模型具有最优的性能表现。另外,当定位条件较差时,由于测量值误差构成更为复杂,因此期待更加有效的加权模型与方法。

As an important component of satellite positioning,measured value random error weight model could allocate the role of every satellite in the solution more reasonably and obtain higher accuracy of positioning.Various major weight fixing methods based on satellite elevation and carrier to noise ratio（CNR）or signal-noise ratio（SNR）were discussed and elaborated in the paper.On the basis of GPS actual measurement positioning experiment,effects of nine kinds of different weight fixing models had been compared and analyzed comprehensively.Experiment results showed that all the weight models could improve positioning accuracy to some extents,among which weight models showed optimal performance,considering elevation and CNR or SNR comprehensively.Furthermore,when the positioning conditions are not good enough,which lead to more complex measured value error forms,more effective weight models and methods are expected.