辅食营养包对5岁以下贫血患儿的改善效果分析

Analysis on improvement effect of supplementary nutrition package on anemia in children under 5 years old

目的分析盐田区开展辅食营养包对5岁以下贫血患儿的改善效果,旨在为政府完善政策和改善儿童营养状况提供科学依据和建议。方法选取2015年1月-2016年12月在盐田区妇幼保健院儿童保健中心就诊120例的5岁以下贫血儿童及120例儿童家长为研究对象,分为两组给予辅食营养包和富马酸亚铁混悬液治疗,比对分析两组营养状况指标差异和家长的认知及态度评分差异。结果经过不同干预后,身高增加值、Hb增高值、RBCA降低值和MCV增高值等4方面在两组之间的差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。但对照组体重增加了(0.75±0.53)kg,观察组增加了(1.12±0.59)kg,两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。本添加营养包前认知和态度评分分别为(42.35±12.46)分和(48.26±19.70)分,添加后其评分又分别为(59.37±25.62)分和(69.08±22.15)分,经比较发现,添加前后认知和态度评分都得到了显著提高,其前后的差异均具有统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究中有3例(5.00%)儿童发生了轻度腹泻和便秘等不良反应,使得其中有1例(1.67%)家长中途放弃了辅食营养包的给予。结论对本地区5岁以下贫血儿童给予辅食营养包,显著改善了贫血儿童身高、血红蛋白、红细胞数和红细胞体积,使得儿童贫血症状得到了改善,并得到了广大家长的认可,为政府完善政策和改善儿童营养状况提供科学依据和建议。

Objective To analyze the improvement effect of supplementary nutrition package on anemia in children under 5 years old in Yantian District,provide scientific basis and suggestions for the government to perfect policies and improve child nutritional status.Methods From January 2015 to December 2016,120 anemia children under 5 years old and their parents were selected from Child Health Care Center in Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Yantian District,then they were treated with supplementary nutrition package（ observation group） and ferrous fumarate suspension（ control group）,respectively.Nutritional indexes,parental cognition and attitude scores in the two groups were compared and analyzed.Results After different interventions,there were statistically significant differences in increasing levels of height,hemoglobin,and mean corpuscular volume（ MCV）,decreasing level of RBCA between the two groups（ P〉 0.05）.The increasing levels of weight in control group and observation group were（ 0.75±0.53） kg and（ 1.12±0.59） kg,respectively,there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups（ P 0.05）.In observation group,parental cognition and attitude scores before addition of nutrition package were（ 42.35 ± 12.46） and（ 48.26 ± 19.70）,respectively,which were（ 59.37 ± 25.62） and（ 69.08±22.15） after addition of nutrition package,there were statistically significant differences between before and after addition of nutrition package（ P〈0.05）.Mild diarrhea and constipation occurred in three children（ 5.00%）,so parent of one child（ 1.67%） gave up complementary food package.Conclusion Complementary food package can significantly improve height,hemoglobin,count of red blood cells,red blood cell volume of anemia children under 5 years old in the region,so anemia symptoms are improved,and the therapy is approved by the parents,which provides scientific basis and suggestions for the government to perfect policies and improve child nutritional status.