晚清时期“文明”概念在广西土司地区的传播与实践

The Practice and Diffusion of the Modern Idea of “Civilization” in Guangxi Chiefdom-Rules Region in the Late Qing Period

本文基于1892年广西太平土州村落所立石碑材料,结合其他文献资料,说明现代"文明"概念当时已由日本辗转传播至广西,开始进入地方社会实践的脉络之中。清初以来,土官辖民不断争取参与科举考试来获得身份自由,而"文明"的到来,为土民提供了新的身份变更的良机;同时,土官在当地士绅的协助之下,以实践"文明"为理由,试图将土官对地方的剥削合理化。

This article based on the stele inscriptions established in the Taiping village of Guangxi in 1892.Combining through other literature documents,this research aims to clarify that the concept of"civilization"was already introduced to Guangxi from Japan at that time and infiltrated into the local practice context.Since the early Qing period,subordinates of local chieftains continuously acquired free social status by taking the imperial examinations.Thus the advent of "civilization"provided a good chance for changing new social status.Meanwhile,with the support of local gentry,the chieftains attempted to use the practice of"modern"as an excuse of rationalizing their exploitation of local society.