巴雅尔草原马蔺物候期对气候变化的响应

Response of Iris lacteal Pall.var phenology to climate change at Bayar grassland in Tongliao city

基于通辽市巴雅尔吐胡硕牧业气象试验站1981—2014年马蔺物候数据和气象数据,研究了气候变化对马蔺萌芽期、黄枯期和生长期的影响,结果表明:(1)研究区近34a来年均气温呈显著上升趋势,降水量呈减少趋势,气候暖干化特征明显。(2)马蔺萌芽期呈延迟趋势,平均每10a延迟4.1d。马蔺萌芽期主要受3—4月平均气温和2月日照时数影响。(3)马蔺黄枯期呈略提前趋势。8月降水量减少和日照时数增加及10月降水量增加导致马蔺黄枯期提前。(4)气候变暖后,夏、秋季平均气温升高和降水量减少是导致马蔺生长期缩短的主要因子。

Based on phenological and meteorological data of Iris lacteal Pall.var chinensis （Fisch.） Koidz.at Enkhbayar animal husbandry meteorological experiment station in Tongliaocity from 1981 to 2014, this paper studied the effects of climate change on germination stage, fade stage and growing season length of Iris lacteal Pall.var. First, it showed the mean air temperature had a significant rising trend and precipitation had a decreasing trend. The climate was getting warmer and drier. Second, the germination stage of Iris lacteal Pall.var had a trend toward delay, the date was 4d every 10 years. The germination period of Iris lacteal Pall.var was mainly affected by the average temperature of March to April and the sunshine in February. Third, the fade stage of Iris lacteal Pall.var was slightly ahead of the trend. The precipitation decreased and sunshine hours increased in August, and precipitation increased in October led to the yellow period of Iris lacteal Pall.var ahead. Last, with climate warming, mean temperature increasing and precipitation decreasing in summer and autumn were the main factors to shorten the growing season of Iris lacteal Pall.var.