2013-2015年苏州地区儿童呼吸道鼻病毒感染的流行病学特点与气候因素的相关性研究

Epidemiological Characteristics of Human Rhinovirus with Acute Respiratory Tract Infection in Children and Its Correlation with Climate in Suzhou during 2013-2015

目的:探讨苏州地区儿童急性呼吸道感染鼻病毒(hRV)感染的流行特点及与气候因素的相关性。方法:对2013年1月至2015年12月因呼吸道感染在苏州大学附属儿童医院呼吸科住院的儿童,应用RT-PCR方法检测hRV和7种常见呼吸道病毒、人类偏肺病毒、人类博卡病毒、痰肺炎支原体DNA、血清肺炎支原体特异性抗体,痰培养检测细菌;同时收集苏州地区有关气象资料,采用直线回归和逐步回归法研究hRV感染流行与气候因素的相关性。结果:5 994例患儿中,病原检出率排在前3位分别为肺炎支原体(34.37%)、呼吸道合胞病毒(11.09%)、hRV(10.78%)。hRV秋季检出率(13.32%)高于其他季节。hRV常见混合感染的病原依次为:肺炎支原体(30.96%)、肺炎链球菌(10.84%)、人类博卡病毒(6.66%)。气候温度与hRV检出率呈正相关(β=0.499,t=2.112,P=0.043)。结论:hRV是引起苏州地区住院儿童呼吸道感染的重要病毒病原体之一。苏州地区hRV感染的流行季节在秋季。hRV常见混合感染的病原是肺炎支原体、肺炎链球菌、人类博卡病毒。气候因素尤其是气温与hRV检出率呈正相关。

Objective： To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of human rhinovirus with acute respiratory tract（ hRV）infection in children and its correlation with climate in Suzhou. Methods： Children hospitalized in the respiratory department of Children＇s Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University due to respiratory tract infection from Jan. 2013 to Dec. 2015 were extracted to detect hRV and 7 kinds of common respiratory viruses,human metapneumovirus（ h MPV）,human bocavirus（ h Bo V） and Mycoplasma pneumoniae（ MP） DNA and sputum culture detection bacteria. The meteorological factors were collected. The relationship between the detection of hRV and metrorological factors was analyzed by linear regression and stepwise regression analysis. Results： Of the 5 994 cases,the top three pathogen detection rates were respectively MP（ 34. 37%）,RSV（ 11. 09%） and hRV（ 10. 78%）. The results showed that the positive rates of hRV infection（13.32%） was obviously higher during autumn. The most common pathogen co-infected was MP（30.96%）,followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae（10.84%） and h Bo V（6.66%）. Climate temperature was positively correlated with hRV detection rate（ β = 0.499,t = 2.112,P = 0.043）. Conclusion： hRV was one of the most common pathogen in respiratory tract infection of hospitalized children in Suzhou. The prevalence of hRV infection was higher during autumn than other seasons. The most common pathogen co-infected was MP,Streptococcus pneumoniae and h Bo V. Climate factors,especially the meteorological factors,are positively correlated with hRV detection rates.