“别”字句研究

A Study of the “BIE” Sentences

"别"字句可以分为三类:表"劝阻"的"别"字句、表"否定性提醒"的"别"字句和表"否定性猜测"的"别"字句。表"劝阻"的"别"字句着眼点在动作,"动作"是说话人着意突出的前景,"结果"处于背景中,通过对动作的否定达到对结果的否定。表"否定性提醒"的"别"字句着眼点在结果,"结果"凸显在前景中,"动作"被包含在背景中,通过否定结果来间接让听话人有所行动。而表"否定性猜测"的"别"字句不致力于让听话人有所行动,表义上止步于"否定性猜测",只是表达说话人的担心和揣测,整个句子的类型也变成陈述句了。三类句子在句重音、语法结构分析、"了"的隐现、动词的语义特征方面均有所不同。

＂BIE＂ sentences can be divided into three categories： ＂dissuasion＂, ＂negative reminding＂,and ＂negative guess＂. ＂BIE＂ sentences which means ＂to dissuade＂focuses on action. This ＂action＂ is the foreground which the speaker highlights, and the ＂results＂ lies in the background, and finally this sentence realizes the negative results through the denial of the action. ＂BIE＂ sentences which means ＂negative reminder＂ focuses on the results. This ＂results＂ is highlighted in the foreground, and the ＂action＂ is included in the background, and finally this sentence indirectly lets the hearer act through the negative results. However, ＂BIE＂ sentences which means ＂negative guess＂ doesn＇t let the hearer act, and its meaning stops at the ＂negative guess＂. These sentences just express its concern and guess, so the type of the sentence has changed into a statement sentence. In conclusion, the three types of＂BIE＂sentences are different in sentence stress, grammatical structure analysis, the emergence of ＂Le＂, and the semantic features of the verbs.