硝普钠治疗高血压急症的临床疗效分析

Clinical Efficacy of Sodium Nitroprusside in Treatment of Hypertensive Urgency

目的探究硝普钠治疗高血压急症患者的临床疗效。方法选取2016年10月至2017年10月于湖北省麻城市人民医院急诊科就诊的120例高血压急症患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组60例。两组患者均给予基础降血压治疗,观察组患者同时给予硝普钠25mg,1次/d;对照组患者同时给予硝酸甘油25mg,1次/d,两组疗程均为7d,比较两组患者治疗前后的血压、心率及不良反应发生情况。结果给药前,两组患者血压及心率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);给药后,两组患者血压均下降,且观察组患者血压下降程度明显大于对照组;观察组患者心率无明显变化,对照组患者心率升高;观察组患者临床有效率为95.00%(57/60),明显高于对照组的78.33%(47/60),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者不良反应发生率为18.33%(11/60),明显低于对照组的51.67%(31/60),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论硝普钠能有效降低高血压急症患者的血压水平,且对心率影响较小,临床疗效显著,安全性高,值得临床推广应用。

Objectives To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of sodium nitroprusside in treatment of hypertensive urgency. Methods A total of 120 hypertensive urgency patients who were admitted in our hospital from October 2016 to October 2017, were enrolled in this study. According to the treatment methods, the subjects were divided into treatment group and control group, with 60 cases in each group. Both groups were given basic antihypertensive treatment, the treatment group underwent sodium nitroprusside （25 mg, 1 time/d） treatment, whereas the control group was subjected to nitroglycerin （25 mg, 1 time/d） treatment. The blood pressure, heart rate, clinical efficacy as well as adverse reactions before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. Results Before treatment, there was no significant difference in blood pressure and heart rate between the two groups. After treatment, the blood pressure decreased in both groups, and the reduced degree in blood pressure in the treatment group was significantly greater than that in the control group. Furthermore, no significant change in heart rate was found in the treatment group, whereas elevated heart rate were detected in the control group. The blood pressure of the treatment group decreased （systolic blood pressure〈120 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressured〈 90 mm Hg）, which demonstrated an significantly higher response rate as compaed with the control group （95.00% vs 78. 33%）, and the difference bettween the two groups was statistically significant. In addtion, the incidence of adverse reactions in the treatment group was 18. 33%, which was significantly lower than that in the control group（51.67%）. Conclusion Sodium nitroprusside can effectively reduce the blood pressure in patients with hypertensive urgency and has little effect on heart rate, with significant therapeutic efficacy and safety, which is worthy of clinical application.