材料呈现方式对高功能孤独症儿童面部表情识别的影响

The effect of material presentation ways on facial expression recognition in high-functioning autistic children

采用6(面部表情类型:高兴、愤怒、悲伤、恐惧、惊讶、厌恶)×2(儿童类型:高功能孤独症儿童、正常儿童)×2(材料呈现方式:静态图片、动态视频)三因素混合实验设计,考察高功能孤独症儿童和正常儿童在静态图片和动态视频两种材料呈现方式下对6种面部表情的识别能力。结果发现:高功能孤独症儿童对面部表情的识别能力较弱,其面部表情识别正确率显著低于正常儿童,对高兴表情的识别正确率显著高于其他5种表情;高功能孤独症儿童和正常儿童对面部表情的识别受材料呈现方式的影响,对动态视频下的面部表情识别正确率显著高于静态图片下,存在"动态加工优势效应",尤其是在对厌恶和恐惧两种表情的识别上。

This study, based on the 6（types of facial expression： happiness, anger, sadness, fear, surprise, disgust） ×2（types of children： high-functioning autistic children, normally developing children）×2（material presentation ways： static picture, dynamic video） three factor mixed experimental design, aimed to explore the recognition ability of the six kinds of facial expressions in the two material presentation ways of static picture and dynamic video in high-functioning autistic children and normally developing children. The results showed the following： The recognition ability of the facial expressions in high-functioning autistic children was relatively weak, and their facial expressions recognition accuracy was significantly lower than that of normally developing children. Their happiness expression recognition accuracy was significantly higher than that of the other five kinds of facial expressions; The facial expressions recognition in high-functioning autistic children and normally developing children was affected by the material presentation ways, specifically, their facial expressions recognition accuracy in dynamic video was significantly higher than that of static picture. Thus, there was ＂the superiority effect of dynamic processing＂,especially reflected in the recognition of the two facial expressions of disgust and fear.