基于国际公约新要求的机舱脱险通道设计研究

Design of Engine Room Escape Routes Based on New Requirements of International Convention

根据国际海上人命与安全公约(SOLAS)要求,机舱需设有脱险通道,以供人员在紧急情况下安全迅速地撤离到安全位置,而国际海事组织IMO第MSC.365(93)号决议,对2016年1月1日及以后建造的船舶的机舱脱险通道又增加了新要求。考虑新条件下渐趋拥挤的机舱空间及底部瘦削的外板线型,机舱脱险通道布置的影响及难度均比之前加大。文章从国际公约要求入手,分析机舱脱险通道设计要点,并结合实船案例,对新国际公约要求下其布置特点、难点及设计思路等进行分析,以期对后续船舶设计提供有益参考。

According to the requirements of SOLAS Convention, escape routes should be provided in the engine room for personnel to safely evacuate to the safe locations in case of an emergency. The IMO resolution MSC.365（93） has stated new requirements on escape routes for the ships built on January 1, 2016 and later. The influence and difficulty of the arrangement of the engine room escape routes become greater than before with consideration of the increasingly reduced engine room space and thin outer panel line at the bottom. Beginning with the requirements of the international convention, the design points of the engine room escape routes are discussed. The arrangement characteristics, difficulties and design ideas of a full-scale ship under the new requirements of the international convention are analyzed, which can provide useful reference for the subsequent ship design.