基于GIS大熊猫活动区域环境特征分析——以大熊猫国家公园(四川)为例

GIS-based Analysis on Giant Panda Habitat Characteristics in National Giant Panda Park of Sichuan Province

基于GIS,以地形因子(海拔、坡度)、生物因子(植被类型、植被盖度、可食竹)、水源分布、人为干扰(道路、矿山、居民点耕地)等因素,分析国家公园内大熊猫活动痕迹点的环境特征。结果表明:国家公园内大熊猫主要栖息活动的范围集中在海拔1 800 m^3 400 m的针阔混交林和常绿落叶阔叶混交林,林分郁闭度0.2~0.7之间,林下有主食竹分布,活动点距离水源1 000 m以内,距离居民点(耕地)距离1 000 m^5 000 m。矿山开采和道路分布密度对大熊猫分布影响较明显。通过对大熊猫生境特点分析,为下一步开展大熊猫栖息地恢复及廊道建设提供基础参考。

Based on GIS,Giant Panda Habitat Characteristics were analyzed with the terrain factors （altitude,slope）,biological factors （vegetation type,vegetation cover,bamboo）,water distribution and human disturbance （road,mining,farmland）,in the national park of Sichuan Province.The results showed that the main habitats of giant pandas in the national park were concentrated in the mixed forest of broadleaf-conifer and Evergreen deciduous trees,with an altitude of 1 800 m~ 3 400 m and crown density of 0.2~0.7,where edible bamboos grew within 1 000 m from the water,and within a range of 1 000 m~ 5 000 m from residential areas.The impact of mining and road density on panda traces was obvious.Based on the analysis of habitat characteristics for giant pandas,basic reference could be provided to the habitat restoration and corridor building.