自由理论视域下的教育理念探究

Exploration of Educational Ideas from the Perspective of Freedom Theory

自由是人类存在的本质属性,是人类追求的永恒目标。教育是人类获取自由和解放的重要途径和过程。而当今社会出现的"幼儿园小学化""空心病""教育要趁早"等现象和观念有悖于教育的根本宗旨,阻碍了人类的自由发展。个人自由的实现需要以个体自由意志为前提,以遵守社会规定为标准,以承认和尊重他人为条件。作者通过探讨自由的本质,认为教育应充分体现对人的尊重,指向学生的自由,使人朝更好的方向发展。因此,真正的教育理念应该是:自由意志的教育、顺其自然的教育和感知幸福的教育。

Freedom is the essential attribute of human existence and the eternal goal pursued by mankind. Education is an important way and process of human freedom and liberation. The phenomena and concepts such as ＂Kindergarten primary school＂,＂empty heart disease＂and ＂education should be as early as possible＂in current society run counter to the fundamental purpose of education and hinder the free development of mankind. The realization of personal liberty needs to be based on the free will of the individual,the observance of social norms as standard and the recognition and respect of others as condition. By exploring the nature of freedom,this article argues that education should make people move towards a better direction,fully reflect the respect of people and point to the freedom of students. Therefore,the true philosophy of education should be：education of free will,natural education and awareness of happiness education.