空间红外探测用30 K单级脉管制冷机高能效研究

Study on high energy efficiency 30 K sigle-stage pulse tube cryocooler for a space infrared detector

建立了阻抗匹配模型,同时从冷指及压缩机两方面对制冷机性能进行优化.基于热声理论,构建了30 K温区脉管冷指的一维Delta EC理论模型,优化了惯性管型单级脉管制冷机冷指和压缩机耦合的工作参数.从机理上分析了回热器填料、双段惯性管长度及气库体积对冷指声学阻抗及压缩机声功转化效率的耦合关系.搭建实验测试平台,测试结果表明此单级脉管制冷机可以获得24.24 K的最低温度,输入功227 W时可以在30 K获得1 W冷量,可较好的满足空间红外探测器应用.

The impedance matching model is built to optimize the performance of the PTC from both cold finger and compressor. Based on the thermoacoustic theory,a 1-D simulation model of the 30 K PTC is built by using Delta EC softw are for optimizing the coupling w orking parameters of the cold finger and compressor. The effects of the regenerator material,the inertance tube and the reservoir on the impedance of the cold finger are investigated theoretically. The test system is set up and the results show that the low est temperature of 24. 24 K and cooling pow er of 1 W at 30 K w ith electric pow er of227 W can be obtained,w hich satisfy the applications of the space infrared detectors.