濮清南引黄蓄灌补源调配水资源实践与成效

Practices and Effects of Water Resources Diversion and Allocation from Yellow River to Puqingnan Irrigation Area

濮清南蓄灌区过去长期采用井灌方式进行农田灌溉,地下水过量开采导致生态环境退化等严重问题。引黄蓄灌补源工程实施方案的提出为优化蓄灌区灌溉方式、改善环境、促进经济社会发展提供了可行方案。系统分析了濮清南引黄蓄灌区三期工程实施的有利条件、维护工程长期运行的综合措施与水资源调配模式,利用渠系网络、坑塘库容,形成了旱能浇、涝能排、多源互补的灌溉补源网络体系,保障了引黄水源的稳定供给,同时通过政策激励提高了农民引黄灌溉的积极性。运用跟踪调查、资料统计、对比分析等方法,对引黄蓄灌补源成效进行综合评估,结果表明:蓄灌区粮食单产逐年增加、灌溉成本持续降低、地下水源得到有效补给、农民生活饮水水质得到根本改善,引黄补源实践取得了显著的经济效益、社会效益和生态效益。

The Puqingnan Irrigation Area has adopted the well irrigation method to farmland irrigation for a long time in the past. Due to the excessive exploitation of groundwater,serious problems such as deterioration of ecological environment have occurred. The implementation plan of the Yellow River Diversion for Irrigation Storage and Replenishment Project provides a feasible solution for optimizing irrigation methods in the irrigation area,improving environmental problems,and promoting economic and social development. This paper systematically analyzed the favorable conditions for the implementation of the phase Ⅲ of the Puqingnan Irrigation Area,the comprehensive measures for the long-term operation of the maintenance project and water resources allocation modes. Making full use of the canal network,pit storage capacity,and forming a network system of irrigation and supplementing sources of drought,energy,drainage,and multi-source complement ensured the stable supply of water from the Yellow River. The policy stimulation enhanced farmers to divert irrigation from the Yellow River. The follow-up survey and statistical comparison methods were used to evaluate the effect of the Yellow River irrigation and replenishment scheme.Since the implementation of the scheme,the grain yield per aquaculture area has increased year by year,the irrigation cost has continued to decrease,groundwater sources have been effectively recharged,and the water quality of farmers＇ drinking water has been fundamentally improved. The Yellow River Diversion for Irrigation Storage and Replenishment Project has achieved remarkable effects of economy,society and ecology.