绿洲膜下滴灌调亏对马铃薯生长及品质的影响

Effects of Mulched Drip Irrigation Under Water Deficit on Potato Growth Index and Quality in Oasis Region

以膜下滴灌马铃薯为试验材料,采用田间试验,研究不同生育期调亏灌溉处理对马铃薯植株生长指标、果实品质、产量及其构成因子、水分利用效率的影响。结果表明:不同生育期滴灌调亏处理下,马铃薯株高、茎粗和叶面积指数具有相似的变化规律,且各生育期水分亏缺对其影响程度依次为薯块膨大期(T2)>淀粉积累期(T3)>薯块形成期(T1);薯块形成期适度亏水,能够显著提高马铃薯果实总糖、蛋白质、氨基酸、Vc和淀粉含量,同时有效降低有机酸含量,改善果实品质。相较于全生育期充分供水处理CK,T1处理产量略有降低(降低7.16%),但是能够显著提高水分利用效率(提高7.35%)和灌溉水分利用效率(提高13.18%),因此薯块形成期是河西走廊干旱半干旱区绿洲农业马铃薯进行亏缺灌溉的最佳时期。

Taking potato under plastic mulched drip irrigation as experimental material,through field experiment and setting regulated deficit irrigation（ RDI） at different growing periods,the influences of different water treatments to the growth indexes,water consumption,yield and component factors and WUE of photo were studied by this paper. The experiment result shows that the plant height,stem diameter and leaf area index have similar change rules under different soil moisture treatments and the effect of the water deficit degree is potato bulking period potato starch accumulation period potato formative period; potato formative period sets regulated deficit irrigation,it can significantly increase the total sugar,protein,amino acids,Vc and potato starch,while effectively reduces the organic acid content,so that the fruit quality is the best. Compared with the whole growing period which sufficient water treatment CK,T1 treatment yield is slightly lower（ 7.16% reduction） than that of CK,but which can significantly improve the water use efficiency（ 7.35%） and irrigation water use efficiency（ 13.18%）,so the potato formation period is the best agricultural regulated deficit irrigation period of Hexi Corridor oasis in arid and semi-arid potato.