不同围护结构日光温室环境性能比较

Comparison of Environmental Factors in Solar Greenhouses with Different Envelope Structures

本试验以3种不同围护结构的日光温室为观测对象,对2016年2—3月份的室内光温环境进行了比较研究。结果表明保温性能以下挖式厚土墙日光温室最优,大跨度拱棚型日光温室次之,聚苯板异质复合墙体日光温室最差。下挖式厚土墙日光温室气温空间分布均匀性优于聚苯板异质复合墙体和大跨度拱棚型日光温室。采光性能以大跨度拱棚型日光温室最优,作物冠层高度处的光照强度由南向北逐渐减弱;聚苯板异质复合墙体日光温室内光照分布更均匀,大跨度拱棚型日光温室北侧的光照条件明显变差。土地利用率以大跨度拱棚型日光温室最大,聚苯板异质复合墙体日光温室次之,下挖式厚土墙日光温室最低。

The light and temperature conditions in three greenhouses with different envelope structures were observed from February to March in Shouguang of Shandong Province.The main results were as follows.The sunk solar greenhouse with thick earth wall had the best heat preservation,followed by large span tunnel-type solar greenhouse,and solar greenhouse with polystyrene heterogeneity wall was the worst.The spatial distribution uniformity of air temperature in sunk solar greenhouse with thick earth wall was better than the others.Large span tunnel-type solar greenhouse had the best lighting performance,however the light intensity at the canopy height of crops decreased gradually from south to north.The illumination condition of the northern side of the large span tunnel-type solar greenhouse was obviously worse,while the light distribution in solar greenhouse with polystyrene heterogeneity wall was more even.The land utilization rate of large span tunnel-type solar greenhouse was the highest,while sunk solar greenhouse with thick earth wall was the lowest.