关于对虾池混养中的几个问题

Some problems of polyculture in prawn ponds

在两年围隔实验的基础上讨论了对虾池混养中存在的几个问题，认为：（１）虾池混养能够提高养殖产量和池塘氮磷的利用率，有助于缓解养殖对环境的污染，但由于养殖种类在池塘氮磷收支所占的比例很小，仅靠混养还不能彻底解决养殖污染问题；（２）罗非鱼与海产贝类的食物灶存在一定的分化，二者对虾池水质的影响具有互补性，因此虾鱼贝混养较虾鱼混养或虾贝混养效果更好；（３）对多个池塘组成的养殖系统的总体优化应是今后虾池生态系统结构优化研究的重要内容。

Some problems of polyculture in prawn ponds are discussed in this paper. The main point is (1) Polyculture in prawn ponds is certainly helpful to increase fisheries production and sufficient utilization rate of feed and fertilizer, and to decrease pollution of waste water. But polyculture in a single prawn pond could not completely solve the pollution problem since the production of prawn, fish and bivalve generally, process lower proportion in budget of nitrogen and phosphorus of pond. (2) Ecological effects caused by tilapia or bivalves stocked in prawn ponds are different and compatible with each other, but their own food resources are isolated, so polyculture of prawn, tilapia and bivalves is more advantage than polyculture of prawns and tilapia or prawns and bivalves. (3) Researches focused on optinlization of pond water system, which includes a series.of ponds with different stocking structure and e cological function, should be paid more attention in the future.