综合干预对精神分裂症患者亲属抑郁与焦虑情绪的影响

Effect of comprehensive intervention on depression and anxiety in relatives of schizophrenic patients

目的:探讨综合干预对精神分裂症患者亲属抑郁、焦虑情绪的影响。方法:对114位精神分裂症患者家属进行综合干预6个月;干预前、干预3及6个月后分别采用抑郁自评量表(SDS)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)对入组者的抑郁、焦虑情绪进行评估,分析影响其抑郁、焦虑情绪的因素。结果:干预前患者亲属SDS和SAS评分明显高于国内常模(t=12.10,t=10.81;P均<0.001);女性亲属SDS和SAS评分明显高于男性亲属(t=3.35,P=0.001;t=2.32,P=0.022);无固定职业的患者亲属SDS和SAS评分明显高于有固定职业的患者亲属(t=2.00,P=0.048;t=2.06,P=0.042);不同教育程度的患者亲属的SDS和SAS评分比较差异有统计学意义(F=3.18,P=0.046;F=3.24,P,0.043);但不同亲属关系的患者亲属间SDS和SAS评分比较差异无统计学意义。干预3个月后及6个月后,患者亲属的SDS和SAS评分较基线有明显下降(P均<0.05),但与国内常模相比,差异仍有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论:精神分裂症患者家属有明显的抑郁、焦虑情绪,并与其性别、受教育程度和职业状况有关。综合干预能有效改善精神分裂症患者家属的焦虑、抑郁情绪。

Objective： To investigate the effect of comprehensive intervebtion on depression and anxiety of relatives of schizophrenic patients. Method： A total of 114 relatives of schizophrenic patients were involved in this study. They received comprehensive intervention for 6 months. Before and 3,6 months after the comprehensive intervebtion,they were assessed by self-rating depression scale（SDS） and self-rating anxiety scale（SAS） respectively; and the affecting factors of their depression and anxiety were analyzed. Results： Before the comprehensive intervention,the scores of SDS and SAS in the relatives of schizophrenic patients were significantly higher than those in Chinese norms（t = 12. 10,P〈0. 001; t = 10. 813,P〈0. 001）. In relatives of schizophrenic patients,the scores of SDS and SAS in the female were significantly higher than those in the male（t = 3. 35,P = 0. 001; t = 2. 32,P = 0. 022）; those in the relatives without stable jobs were significantly higher than those in the relatives without stable jobs（t = 2. 00,P = 0. 048; t = 2. 06,P = 0. 042）. SDS and SAS scores were found significantly different among the relatives with different education level（F = 3. 18,P = 0. 046; F =3. 24,P = 0. 043）. There were not obvious differences on SDS and SAS scores among the different family relatives. Three and 6 months after intervention,the scores of SDS and SAS scores in the relatives were decreased significantly,but were still significantly higher than those in the Chinese norms（all P〈0. 05）. Conclusion：Relatives of schizophrenic patients show depression and anxiety,which are associated with gender,education level and jobs. The comprehensive intervention methods can improve their anxiety and depression.