探讨间歇洗胃法救治急性有机磷中毒的临床分析及急救护理

Discussion on the Clinical Analysis and Emergency Nursing of Acute Organophosphorus Poisoning Treated with Intermittent Gastric Lavage

目的探讨间歇洗胃法救治急性有机磷中毒的临床观察及急救护理。方法方便选取2016年1月—2018年1月期间急救处理的42例急性有机磷中毒患者,21例洗胃1组患者实施了常规洗胃方法,而21例洗胃2组患者均实施了间歇洗胃方法,分析两组急救护理效果。结果在洗胃救治时间、堵管发生率及胃损伤发生率方面的对比,洗胃2组的统计结果分别为洗胃2组的统计结果分别为(5.76±2.13)min、4.76%(1/21)、9.52%(2/21),而洗胃1组的统计结果分别为(23.56±2.45)min、28.57%(6/21)、42.86%(9/21),差异有统计学意义(t=2.021 0,χ~2=4.285 7,χ~2=6.035 2,P<0.05);洗胃2组的不良问题为9.52%(2/21),洗胃1组为42.86%(9/21),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6.035 2,P<0.05)。结论在救治急性有机磷中毒患者时,间歇洗胃法的洗胃时间明显缩减,能够更好地遵循胃肠解剖生理的特点及流体力学的规律,在迅速清除有毒物质的同时,还可有效预防中毒后并发症的发生,使临床急救护理效果更为理想。

Objective This paper tries to explore the clinical observation and first aid nursing of intermittent gastric lavage in the treatment of acute organophosphorus poisoning. Methods Of the 42 patients with acute organophosphorus poisoning who were first aided between January 2016 and January 2018 were convenient selected, 21 patients with gastric lavage performed routine gastric lavage, while 21 patients with gastric lavage performed intermittent gastric lavage, analyzing of two groups of emergency care results. Results In the comparison of the gastric lavage time, the incidence of blocked tubes, and the incidence of gastric lesions, the statistical results for the gastric lavage 2 group were（5.76 ±2.13）min, 4.76%（1/21）,9.52%（2/21）, respectively for the gastric lavage 2 group, and the statistical results of the gastric lavage 1 group were（23.56±2.45） min, 28.57%（6/21）, 42.86%（9/21）, and the difference level was statistically satisfactory. Significance（t=2.0210, χ~2=4.285 7, 6.035 2, P〈0.05）; Adverse problem of gastric lavage group 2 was 9.52%（2/21）, and that of gastric lavage 1 group was 42.86%（9/21）. Satisfactory statistical significance（χ~2=6.035 2, P〈0.05）. Conclusion In the treatment of patients with acute organophosphorus poisoning, the gastric lavage time of the intermittent gastric lavage method is significantly reduced, and it can better follow the characteristics of gastrointestinal anatomy and physiology and the laws of fluid mechanics. It can also effectively prevent poisoning while quickly removing toxic substances. After the occurrence of post-complications, the effect of clinical emergency care is more ideal.