弱否定“A是不A”相关格式的语义不对称及主观量级

A Study of the Semantic Asymmetry and Degrees of Subjectivity Among the Weak Negation Construction——“A Shi Bu A”(A 是不 A) and Relative Constructions

基于派生分析的视角来考察现代汉语中弱否定"A是不A"相关格式的语义不对称及主观量级。该格式主要出现在前让步、后转折的句子中,表示一种弱否定,即否定格式中A所表示的性状。文章首先分析该格式构成成分的限制和句法表现,认为A只能是相对于主体而言的不如意情况;其次,探讨格式的语义特征和形成机制,并分析相关格式的不对称现象;再次,从相关格式出发,推导出"A是不A"格式的形成过程及相关变体,并认为这些相关格式变体之间存在不同的标记度和主观量级;最后,简要说明该格式在具体话语中的语用表现和功能。

This paper investigates the w eak negation construction＂A Shi Bu A＂and its relative constructions in M andarin Chinese based on the derivation-based analysis.The particular construction is mainly used in some contrast sentences,and it expresses a sense of w eak negation———the properties of＂A＂in a negation construction.Firstly this paper investigates its constraints to constitutions and its syntactic functions,and it proposes that＂A＂is only negative adjective to the speaker in this construction.Then it studies the mechanism of semantic formation and the semantic asymmetry among the related variants.Based on this,it identifies the process of derivation and some variants of the construction by derivationbased analysis,and asserts that there are different degrees of markedness and subjectivity among relevant variants.Finally this paper discusses its discourse functions in different contexts.