《摩奴法论》文献研究概述(1794～2004)

A Brief Review of Modern Studies on Mānavadharmasūtra(1794-2004)

本文梳理了印度法论名著和印度教伦理规范经典《摩奴法论》从18世纪末以来的研究情况,分为三个时期：18世纪末至19世纪中叶,西方学者对以《摩奴法论》为代表的印度文化的发现与探索;19世纪中叶至20世纪上半叶,西方学者和印度学者对《摩奴法论》梵语注释本的重新梳理;20世纪以来立足广义吠陀体系内法经、法论的历史传统,对《摩奴法论》诸多问题进行具体分析。通过对三个阶段的概述性介绍,从文献与学术史角度了解《摩奴法论》的现代研究情况。

The thesis tries to systematize the modern studies on Hindu ethical classic work Mānavadharmasūtra（Manusm？ti） from eighteen century to twenty century. The study could be divided into three periods or phases. The first phase from end of eighteen century to mid-nineteen century, western scholars discovered and explored Mānavadharmasūtra as representative of Indian culture. The second phase, western and Indian scholars began to rearrange the nine Sanskrit commentaries of Mānavadharmasūtra from mid-nineteen century to first half of twenty century. The third phase, scholars specifically analyzed on concrete facts of Mānavadharmasūtra on the basis of historical tradition of Dharmasūtra and Dharma？āstra which belong to the system of Vedic knowledge on a broad sense. From the brief review of the three phases, we can learn more about modern studies on Mānavadharmasūtra from the perspective of document history and academic history.