交换资源特征对医患信任的影响:社会交换理论的视角

The Influence of Exchange Resource Features on Doctors-Patients Trust

医患互动产生的资源交换过程,既能满足医患双方作为交换主体的需要,又是彼此展示自身值得被信任的途径。交换资源的透明度、协商过程、持续性影响医患信任的建立。医方公开记录、说明医疗方案和结果、通俗化表达医学术语,以及患方表明意愿、偏好、对医疗信息的反馈,这些方式通过提升医患资源的透明度,有助于双方判断资源交换过程的风险,为医患之间共同商讨并选择医疗方案的协商交换过程,提供风险排除与信任建立的基础。另外,人情或关系资源的持续性互惠交换过程,需要医患双方相信彼此不会损害对方的利益,所以,医患双方若产生持续性的资源交换效果,同样可以证明自己值得被信任。

Exchanging resources betw een doctors and patients is the process to feed both parties’ and doctors’ needs as well as the opportunity to show that they can be trusted. The transparency,negotiation,and continuity,as the features of resource exchange,affect doctors-patients trust. If doctors show the medical records,illustrate treatment and outcomes, and popularize medical terms,and if patients offer their preference,willingness and feedback on the medical information,transparency of doctor-patient resource exchange will be improved,which will help them to identify the risk and make shared decision making possible. It also could grant patients the power to accept or reject some kind of treatment with the medical resource transparency,as a result of which doctors and patients will both benefit from this negotiation,especially in the respect of avoiding risk and building trust. In addition,a kind of reciprocal exchange through the resource named R enqing or Guanxi doesn’ t work continuously unless all the exchange parties insure their benefits. Therefore favorable result of continuity of exchange resource doctors and patients will also play a role in telling each other that they are worthy of being trusted.