宽容与信任之社会心态的双向建构:“认同-渲染”模型构想

Mutual Construction of Tolerance and Trust as Social Mentality:Framework of Recognition-Contagion Model

社会心理学意义上的宽容是个体平和包容地看待与己不同的价值理念、言谈举止等社会存在的积极心态,它存在人际宽容、群际宽容和文化宽容三个分析层次。每一层次上的宽容均可作为信任源而增加社会信任。＂认同-渲染＂模型认为,宽容与信任之间存在相互建构的关系,并且在人际、群际和文化三个层次间通过两种不同的社会心理机制而起作用。其中,从人际到群际再到文化的自下而上的作用路径主要通过社会渲染机制实现,从文化到群际再到人际的自上而下的作用路径则通过文化认同机制实现。为验证这一理论模型,还需要完善宽容的维度指标、构建相应的测量工作,并积累更多的经验证据。

Tolerance is the positive mental state that one can treat values,manners,and other social beings peacefully and inclusively. It consists tertiary level:interpersonal tolerance,intergroup tolerance,and cultural tolerance. Tolerance on each level could serve as a particular source of trust to facilitate social trust. A recognition-contagion model is proposed in this paper to postulate the mutual construction relationship between social tolerance and social trust. The bottom-to-top contagion mechanism acts from interpersonal to intergroup then to the cultural level,while the top-to-bottom recognition mechanism acts from cultural to intergroup to personal level. Better measurable dimensions and indexes and more empirical evidence are needed to support this model.