新乡市2013～2017年疟疾流行特征分析

Analysis of the epidemic characteristics of malaria in Xinxiang in 2013-2017

目的：分析新乡市2013～2017年间的疟疾流行特征,有效控制输入性病例,制定和调整防治策略提供依据.方法：收集2013～2017年新乡市疟疾疫情资料,用描述性流行病学方法进行统计分析,对疫情情况、地区分布、感染疟原虫虫种的构成、病例诊断类型,以及输入性病例的感染来源等进行分析.结果：2013～2017年新乡市共发现病例92例,全部为输入性病例,分布在全市的11个县（市）区,其中恶性疟75例（占81.52％）,间日疟7例（7.60％）,卵形疟8例（8.69％）,三日疟2例（2.17％）;平均年报告发病率为0.3/10万,病例感染来源地主要为非洲（90例,占97.82％）,其次是印度次大陆（2例,2.18％）;发病年龄以30～50岁为主（69.56％）;病例主要分布在获嘉县（41例,44.56％）,其次是封丘县（14例,15.21％）、辉县市（13例,占14.13％）和延津县（9例,9.78％）等.结论：新乡市已达到消除疟疾标准,但境外输入性疟疾风险依然严峻,需要进一步强化医疗机构的专业技能培训和多部门协作,正确诊断、积极治疗、合理用药,有效控制输入性病例继发传播.

Objective： To analyze the characteristics of malaria epidemic in Xinxiang city from 2013 to 2017, and provide basis for effectively controlling imported cases, as well as the formulation and adjustment of prevention and control strategies. Methods： The data of malaria epidemic in Xinxiang city from 2013 to 2017 were collected, and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. The epidemic situation, regional distribution, composition of malaria parasites, types of case diagnosis, and sources of infection of imported cases were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results： In 2013~2017, a total of 92 cases were found in Xinxiang, all of which were imported, and distributed in 11 counties of the city, including 75 cases of falciparum malaria（81.52%）, 7 of vivax malaria（7.60%）, 8 of ovary malaria（8.69%）, and 2 of malariae malaria（2.17%）. Average annual report morbidity was 0.3 per 100,000. The main source of case infection was Africa（90,97.82%）, and secondly was the Indian subcontinent（2, 2.18%）. Cases mostly aged 30~50 years old（69.56%, which distributed in Huojia（41, 44.56%）, Fengqiu（14,15.21%）, Huixian（13,14.13%）and Yanjin country（9,9.78%）, respectively. Conclusion： The standard of eliminating malaria has been reached in Xinxiang, however, the risk of imported malaria abroad remains severe. It is necessary to further strengthen the professional skills training of medical institutions and multisectoral collaboration, so as to correctly diagnose, actively treat, rationally use drugs, and effectively control secondary transmission of imported cases.