从文化诗学看列维纳斯的诗学伦理学

On Levinas's Poetics Ethics from the Perspective of Cultural Poetics

列维纳斯的诗学扎根于历史文化语境,并向伦理学的目标发展,形成了他异性的诗学伦理学,呈现出独特的审美特征。在诗学伦理学中,主体与他者、感性与理性二元交合、互为辩证,使得诗学伦理学具备了文化诗学的理念、路径和特征,使得真正在文化诗学的意义上得以确立。作为主体自我的理性、第三方意识或观念,以及异质性思维方式,促成了他审慎、科学地切中现实、理解人世的态度;作为诗化的感觉、总体性寻求和欲望,构筑了他诗性、伦理化以及热衷人生的行为模式;在异质文化相融并生的大背景中,列维纳斯的诗学伦理学、人生态度和行为模式表现出了诗学中有历史文化,有历史感的特性。相反,从异质文化的总体性进程来看,他的诗学伦理思想,呈现了文化的集大成、文化的创造性,而这种总体性的文化及其活力,同时催生出了列氏诗学的新面向。

Levinas＇ s poetics rooted in the historical and cultural context and developed to the goal of ethics, forming his distinctive poetic ethics, showing unique aesthetic features. In the poetic ethics, the subject and the other, the perceptual and the rational are intersecting and mutually dialectical, making the poetics ethics have the idea, the path and the characteristics of the cultural poetics, and make it truly established in the meaning of the cultural poetics. The rational, third party consciousness or concept, as well as the way of thinking of heterogeneity, contributed to his prudent and scientific understanding of the reality and the attitude of understanding the world. With the poetic feeling, a general search and desire, he constructed his poetic, ethical and passionate behavior pat- tern. In the great background of life, Levinas＇ s poetic ethics, life attitude and behavior pattern showed the charac- teristic of historical culture and historical feeling in poetics. On the contrary, from the overall process of the hetero- geneous culture, his poetic ethical thought showed the cultural accumulation and cultural creativity, and this overall culture and its vitality, at the same time, gave birth to the new orientation of poetics.