美印海洋合作的新发展及前景

US-India Maritime Cooperation: New Developments and Prospect

受美苏两极格局影响,冷战时期美印海洋合作发展不畅。进入21世纪,美印海洋合作逐渐驶入深水区,取得一系列成果。在身份认同基础上预设共有目标、维护印度洋航线安全、平衡中国等助推美印海洋合作持久发展。目前美印战略界在推进海洋合作方面已达成基本共识,并有日本、澳大利亚等积极"牵线搭桥",故而近中期美印海洋合作将进一步发展。这将对地区安全走向造成影响,一方面会加剧印太地区海军军备竞赛,使海洋热点问题持续发酵;另一方面将增加中国的不安全感,使中美关系更加复杂,对中印关系的发展产生消极影响。

Affected by the US-Soviet bipolar system,US-India maritime cooperation is not well developed during the Cold War. Since the 21 st century,US-India maritime cooperation has gradually entered a deepwater zone,and realized a series of achievements. Democratic identity,maintenance of the Indian Ocean sea route security,and balancing China,are factors to boost the US-India maritime cooperation. At present,the US-India strategic elites have reached a basic consensus on promoting maritime cooperation,and Japan,Australia as well as other US allies are actively ＂matchmaking＂. Therefore,the US-India cooperation will develop further,which will affect the regional security. On the one hand,it will intensify the naval arms race in the Indo-Pacific region,making marine hot issues continue to ferment; on the other hand,it will increase China＇s insecurity,causing Sino-US relations to be more complex,and it will impose negative impacts on Sino-India relations.