社区育龄期妇女乙肝表面抗原携带情况及影响因素分析

Carrier status and influencing factors of hepatitis B surface antigen in community childbearing-age women

目的 了解社区育龄期妇女乙肝表面抗原携带情况及影响因素,为完善HBV母婴阻断策略提供参考,为制定乙肝防控措施提供依据.方法 选取2016年1至12月居住在广州市老城区的15～49岁社区育龄期妇女527例进行问卷调查和血清学检测,对乙肝表面抗原携带的影响因素进行单因素分析和logistic回归分析.结果 育龄期妇女乙肝表面抗原携带率为12.5％.单因素分析显示,不同年龄（x2=24.68,P＜ 0.001）、婚姻状况（x 2=25.12,P＜0.001）、乙肝疫苗接种史（x2=15.73,P＜0.001）、针灸治疗史者（x2=5.31,P=0.029）HBsAg携带率的差异均有统计学意义;logistic回归分析表明,已婚（OR=1.835）、针灸治疗史（OR=2.867）是HBsAg携带的危险因素;接种乙肝疫苗（OR=0.324）是HBsAg携带的保护因素.结论 社区育龄期妇女HBsAg携带率处于较高水平,随年龄增长而升高;乙肝疫苗接种预防乙肝效果显著;针灸治疗时应强调无菌操作,减少HBV经血液传播.

Objective To examine the carrier status of hepatitis B surface antigen （HBsAg） and its related factors in community childbearing-age women,and provide some references to block mother-to-child transmission of HBV and hepatitis B prevention and intervention measures.Methods 527 15-49 years old childbearingage community women indwelling at the old town of Guangzhou were chosen in 2016.Questionnaire survey and serological detection were conducted in these women.Single-factor analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the infection factors of HBsAg carriers.Results The rate of HBsAg carrier of the women was 12.5%.Single-factor analysis showed that there were statistical differences in different ages （x 2=24.68,P 〈 0.001）,marital status （x2=25.12,P 〈 0.001）,hepatitis B vaccination history （x2=15.73,P 〈 0.001）,and history of acupuncture （x 2=5.31,P=0.029）.logistic regression analysis showed that hepatitis B vaccination history was the protective factor of HBsAg carrier （OR=0.324）;and marital status （OR=1.835）,history of acupuncture （OR=2.867） were the risk factors of HBsAg carrier.Conclusions The carrier rate of HBsAg increases with age.Hepatitis B vaccination has a significant effect in preventing hepatitis B;and aseptic technique should be emphasized during acupuncture treatment,so as to reduce HBV transmission through blood.