经皮冠状动脉介入治疗患者信息需求的质性研究

Qualitative study on informational needs among patients with percutaneous coronary intervention Feng

目的采用质性研究的方法了解行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗患者的信息需求，为护士给患者健康教育时提供评估指引及内容指引。方法采用质性研究中的现象学研究法，选取9例行冠脉介入治疗围术期的患者为研究对象，应用半结构式访谈法，通过预设目标话题对患者逐个进行深入访谈，使用内容分析法分析资料。结果采用Colaizzi的7步分析法，对访谈资料进行研读、析取、编码、汇集、求证后，提炼出此类患者的疾病信息需求。可划分为3大主题：关注手术信息、关注康复信息、获取信息形式多样化。结论当前健康教育模式尚未满足患者信息需求，健教者应建立评估机制并根据个人需求、个人喜好、内容特点选择最佳健康教育模式，同时在宣教时增加患者社会支持，提升健康教育水平。

Objective To collect the information needs of patients with percutaneous coronary intervention with the qualitative research method for assessment and content guidance for nurses in health education. Methods Using phenomenology method of qualitative research, 9 patients in the perioperative coronary aJctery intervention treatment were chosen to make in-depth interview on preset target topic. And then we used content analysis to analyze the interview materials. Results Using the 7 step analysis method of Colaizzi, the interview materials were studied, analyzed, coded, collected, and sought evidence to extract the information needs of the patients, which were divided into 3 themes： focus on surgical information, focus on rehabilitation information, diversified ways to get information. Conclusions The current health education model did not meet the patients＇ information needs. Health educators should set up an assessment mechanism, at the same time the best health education model should be selected following personal needs, personal preferences, and content characteristics. Increasing social support when educating could improve the education level.