抗菌脂肽surfactin对雏鸡生长性能及血液生化的影响

Effects of surfactin on growth performance and blood biochemical indexes of chicks

为研究饲料中添加surfactin对雏鸡生长性能和血液生化的影响,试验选取雏鸡100只,随机分成3、6、9 mg/kg surfactin、30 mg/kg金霉素和空白对照组,每组4个重复,每个重复5只,试验期鸡龄为21~50 d。结果表明:21~35 d内,3 mg/kg surfactin和6 mg/kg surfactin组,日平均增重比对照组分别增加23.9%(P<0.05)和24.7%(P<0.05),比金霉素组分别增加13.5%(P<0.05)和14.2%(P<0.05),35~50 d,3 mg/kg surfactin和6 mg/kg surfactin组,其日平均增重相对于空白对照组分别提升26.5%(P<0.05)和31.4%(P<0.05),与金霉素组比无显著性差异。试验期间,3 mg/kg surfactin和6 mg/kg surfactin组死亡率比对照组和金霉素组分别少15%和5%,3 mg/kg surfactin和6 mg/kg surfactin组的料肉比分别低于对照组4.5%(P<0.05)和5.1%(P<0.05),与金霉素组比无显著性差异。surfactin对雏鸡血清中总胆固醇、谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶含量的影响统计学上无显著差异,3、6 mg/kg surfactin和9 mg/kg surfactin组血清中甘油三酯和尿素氮的含量降低,甘油三酯含量分别降低19.2%(P<0.05)、12%(P<0.05)和68.6%(P<0.05),尿素氮含量分别降低36%(P>0.05)、69.7%(P<0.01)和67.4%(P<0.05),血清中白蛋白的含量提高,血清中白蛋白含量分别提升66.4%(P<0.05)、61.7%(P<0.05)、67.3%(P<0.05)。综上可得,surfactin能促进雏鸡生长,降低料肉比、死亡率和血清中甘油三酯和尿素氮含量,提升血清中白蛋白的含量,促进饲料中蛋白质的消化吸收,在日增重和死亡率及血液生化指标方面优于金霉素。

The experiment was designed to study the effect of surfactin added in the feed on the growth performance and blood biochemistry of chicks. In the study,100 chicks were randomly divided into 3,6,9 mg/kg surfactin,30 mg/kg chlortetracycline and blank control groups with 4 repetitions for each group and 5 chicks for each repetition,and the trial period was during the chicken age from 21 d to 50 d.The results showed that in21 ~ 35 d,the daily average gain weight of 3 mg/kg surfactin and 6 mg/kg surfactin groups were increased23.9%（P 〈 0.05） and 24.7%（P 〈 0.05） respectively compared with the control group,and increased 13.5%（P 〈 0.05） and 14.2%（P 〈 0.05） compared with the chlortetracycline group respectively.Meanwhile,in 35 ~50 d,the daily average gain weight of 3 mg/kg surfactin and 6 mg/kg surfactin groups were increased 26.5%（P 〈0.05） and 31.4%（P 〈 0.05）compared with the blank control group and there was no significant difference with the chlortetracycline group.During the experiment,the mortality rate of 3 mg/kg surfactin and 6 mg/kg surfactin groups were lower 15% and 5% respectively than that of the control group and chlortetracycline group,the ratio of material to meat of 3 mg/kg surfactin and 6 mg/kg surfactin groups were lower 4.5%（P 〈 0.05） and 5.1%（P 〈0.05） respectively than that of the control group and there was no significant difference with chlortetracycline group.Surfactin had no statistical significant effect on the total cholesterol content as well as the straw transaminase and alt transaminase in the serum of chicks.The content of triglyceride and urea nitrogen and elevate the content of the albumin in serum of 3,6 mg/kg surfactin and 9 mg/kg surfactin groups,the triglyceride content were decreased 36%（P 〉 0.05）,69.7%（P 〈 0.01） and 67.4%（P 〈 0.05）,respectively.The urea nitrogen were increased 36%（P 〉 0.05）,69.7%（P 〈 0.01） and 67.4%（P 〈 0.05）,and the content of the albumin were increased 66.4%（P 〈 0.05）,61.7%（P 〈 0.05）,67.3%（P 〈 0.05）,respectively. In conclusion,surfactin could promote the growth of chicks,reduce the ratio of material to meat and mortality as well as the triglyceride and urea nitrogen in serum,meanwhile,it also could elevate the content of albumin in serum and promote the digestion and absorption of protein in feed,and surpass chlortetracycline in daily gain weight,mortality and blood biochemical indexes.