室内三种富营养模拟条件下水流调控对羊栖菜和石莼生长及生物质合成的影响

Effect of water flow manipulation on growth and biomass synthesis of Sargassum fusiforme and Ulva pertusa under three indoor simulated eutrophic scenarios

大型海藻养殖是一种低成本、高效、环保的水体富营养化生物修复方法,而水流则是影响大型海藻生长的一个重要因素。研究结果表明,水流交换率为200 vol·d-1时,羊栖菜(Sargassum fusiforme)比生长率最高达(4.34±0.11)%·d-1,而水流交换率为100 vol·d-1、中高浓度营养盐条件下石莼(Ulva pertusa)比生长率最大值分别可达(6.31±1.42)%·d-1、(8.00±0.79)%·d-1,营养盐浓度决定了两种大型海藻的生长率,石莼更适宜在高营养盐环境中生长。石莼体内叶绿素a、可溶性蛋白和可溶性碳水化合物在不同应用情境间均存在明显差异,而羊栖菜体内仅可溶性蛋白表现出明显变化。水流交换的增强明显改变了石莼的生长和羊栖菜可溶性碳水化合物含量。陆基中试实验表明,与低水流速度相比,中、高流速条件下羊栖菜的比生长率分别增加80%、14%,石莼则分别增加41.3%、33.3%。

Seaweed aquaculture is a cost-efficient and environmental-friendly way for marine eutrophication bioremediation. However,water flow is often a limit factor to seaweed growth. The results showed that for Sargassum fusiforme,the maximum of specific growth rate was（4. 34 ± 0. 11） %·d-1 at a water exchange rate of 200 vol·d-1,but for Ulva pertusa,the maximum would reach（6. 31 ± 1. 42） %·d-1 or（8. 00 ± 0. 79） %·d-1 at a water ex-change rate of 100 vol·d-1 and the medium or high nutrient concentration respectively. The growth rates of both species depended on application scenarios,and U. pertusa was more tolerant to highly eutrophic environment. The concentrations of all the compounds in U. pertusa also differed significantly between the scenarios,while only the soluble protein in S. fusiforme showed significant change. Enhanced water flow changed the growth of U. pertusa and soluble carbohydrate of S. fusiforme significantly. Land-based experiment indicated that the specific growth rate of S. fusiforme increased by 80% and 14% at medium and high water exchange velocities,while 41. 3% and 33. 3% for U.pertusa respectively,comparing with that of low water exchange velocity.