敦煌地区太阳紫外辐射占总辐射的百分比

Percentage of Solar Ultraviolet Radiation to Total Radiation in Dunhuang Area

目的估算敦煌地区太阳紫外辐射量,为高分子材料及产品在该地区的老化试验与评估提供参考。方法利用2016年敦煌试验站紫外辐射和总辐射的实测数据,讨论紫总百分比的计算方法、日出日落初期紫总百分比的处理,采用方差分析研究敦煌紫总百分比随季节、时段的变化特征,给出敦煌地区四季及全年的紫总百分比平均值和标准差。结果日出日落初期,紫总百分比很大,计算方法、异常数据的判定与处理对紫总百分比的计算结果会产生较大的误差。太阳高度角较小是导致敦煌不同时段太阳紫总百分比明显不同的主要原因,夏季降雨较多是敦煌不同季节太阳紫总百分比明显不同的主要原因。结论日出日落初期紫总百分比应作为异常数据剔除,冬季紫总百分比最高、夏季最低,春秋二季相近,介于冬、夏季之间,中下午时段的紫总百分比高于上午和傍晚。敦煌地区紫总百分比年平均值、标准差分别为5.5%、1.3%。

Objective To estimate the solar ultraviolet radiation in Dunhuang area and provide reference for aging test and evaluation of polymer materials and products in this area. Methods Based on the measured data of ultraviolet radiation and total radiation at Dunhuang Experimental Station, the calculation method of the ultraviolet-total percentage at the beginning of sunrise and sunset were discussed. The variance analysis was used to study the ultraviolet-total percentage in Dunhuang with seasons and Beijing time. The average and standard deviation of the ultraviolet-total percentage in the four seasons and the whole year of Dunhuang were given. Results At the beginning of sunrise and sunset, the ultraviolet-total percentage was very large. The calculation method, the judgment and processing of abnormal data would cause great error to the calculation result of the ultraviolet-total percentage. The small solar height angle was the main reason for the obvious difference of the ultraviolet-total percentage in Dunhuang in different Beijing time; and the main reason for the obvious difference in the Ultraviolet-total percentage in different seasons of Dunhuang was much rainfall in summer. Conclusion The ultraviolet-total percentage should be excluded as abnormal data at the beginning of sunrise and sunset. The ratio in winter is the highest. The lowest in summer, and similar in spring and autumn, which lies between winter and summer, and the ratio in mid-afternoon period is higher than that in the morning and the evening. The annual average and the standard deviation of the ratio in Dunhuang area is 5.5% and 1.3% respectively.