自动气象站非规范算法对风观测数据质量的影响

Influences of Non-standard Algorithm of Automatic Weather Station on Quality of Wind Observation Data

目的弄清非规范算法对风观测数据质量的影响程度。方法采用规范方法和二种非规范方法同时统计长期正常采集的风向风速数据,统计每月16位风向的极大风速及其对应的风向和时间、最大风速及其对应的风向和时间、2 min平均风速、10 min平均风速、含静风的风向频率等参数,并绘制相应参数的风玫瑰图,比较不同算法、相同参数的风玫瑰图,探讨算法间的误差。结果风速简单滑动平均法、风向矢量滑动平均法对16位风向上极大风速、最大风速、10 min平均风速的统计结果与规范方法很接近,而风向、风速简单滑动平均法对上述5种参数的统计结果与规范方法都有很大差异。结论自动气象站非规范算法会降低风观测数据质量,加强自动气象站供货商资质管理是提高气象观测数据质量的基本保障。

Objective To make clear the degree of influences of nonstandard algorithm on quality of wind observation data. Methods The data of wind direction and wind speed collected over a long period of normal time were simultaneously counted by standard method and two non-standard methods to count the extreme wind speed in 16-position wind direction and its corresponding wind direction and time, the maximum wind speed and its corresponding wind direction and time, and 2-minute average wind speed, 10-minute average wind speed and the wind direction frequency, including, calm wind. The wind rose diagram of the corresponding parameters was drawn. The error between different algorithms was discussed by comparing the wind-rose graph with the same parameters of different algorithms. Results The statistical results of simple moving average method and vector moving average method for maximum wind speed, maximum wind speed and 10-minute average wind speed at 16 position were very close to the standard method. The statistical results of the five parameters of the simple moving average method of wind speed were very different from those of the standard method. Conclusion The nonstandard algorithm of automatic weather station will reduce the quality of wind observation data. It is essential to improve the quality of meteorological observation data by strengthening the quality management of the supplier of automatic weather station.