基于海拔高度的湿空气特性分析

Characteristics analysis of moist air based on altitude

对湿空气在不同海拔高度下的性质进行深入分析,建立当地大气压随海拔高度变化的模型以及湿空气密度、相对湿度的计算方程;对比不同饱和水蒸气压力计算公式的计算结果与国际水蒸气骨架表中对应数据的偏差,找出偏差最小的计算公式,在此基础上进行反函数——湿空气露点计算公式的拟合,该公式可以计算湿空气在任意状态下的露点、任意海拔高度下水沸点,其计算结果的相对偏差≤0.008%。运用分析得到的湿空气性质计算公式绘制不同海拔高度下的当地大气压、湿空气密度的变化图。

The properties of moist air at different altitudes are analyzed. The model of local atmospheric pressure changing with altitude,and the calculation formulas of moist air＇s density and relative humidity are established. Through comparing the deviation between calculated results of different saturated water vapor pressure formulas and the data in the skeleton table of water vapor stated in the standard,the formula with least deviation is found. On this basis,the formula of inverse function,namely,the fitted formula of moist air＇s dew-point,is derived. This formula can be used to calculate dew-point of moist air at any state and boiling point of water at any altitude,and the relative deviation of the calculation results is less than 0. 008%. By using the calculation formula of moist air＇s properties obtained from analysis,the change charts of local atmospheric pressure and moist air＇s density at different altitudes are drawn.