手术室及供应室医务人员职业防护中存在的问题与管理对策探讨

Discussion on Occupational Protection and Management of Medical Staff in Operating Room and Supply Room

手术室是医院治疗与抢救患者生命的重要场所之一,而供应室即是医院污染物品的集中处,又是无菌用品的供应科室,负责医院各科室医疗用品的回收、清洗与消毒、灭菌及发放等工作。两科室都具有操作流程复杂、工作任务繁重、涉及较多部门、安全隐患发生率较高等特点。由于手术室及供应室医护人员对职业暴露及相应危害的认知存在差异,防护意识淡薄,工作中相应操作不够规范、防护用品配备不足及使用不当,相关规章制度有待完善、监督管理不到位等因素,致使职业危害事件发生率处于较高水平,严重威胁医护人员的身心健康及生命安全。通过加强医护人员的职业安全防护教育,完善相关规章制度及建立医护人员健康档案,重视人文关怀,加强相应监督管理及指导力度,有助于降低手术室及供应室医护人员职业危害事件的发生,保障医疗工作的正常开展。

The operating room is one of the important places of treating and rescuing patients in the hospital. The supply room is where contaminated goods are recycled and where aseptic goods are supplied. The supply room is responsible for the recycling, cleaning, disinfection, sterilization, and delivery of medical supplies of all the departments in the hospital. The two departments are both characterized by complex operating procedures, heavy workload, multiple departments involved, and high incidence safety events. In the operating room and supply room, the incidence of occupational hazard is high because of different cognition of occupational exposure and harms, poor awareness of protection, unstandardized operations, inadequate preparing and wrong use of protective equipment, incomplete regulations and poor supervision and management, which seriously threatens the health and safety of medical staff. The incidence of occupational hazard in the two departments can be reduced by strengthening the education on occupational safety, completing regulations, establishing health records for medical staff, paying more attention to humanistic care, and enhancing supervision and instruction, so that the medical work is well accomplished.