团体心理辅导对改善血液透析患者述情障碍的效果

Effect of group psychological counseling on alexithymia,depression and anxiety among patients with hemodialysis

目的探讨团体心理辅导对改善血液透析患者述情障碍及焦虑、抑郁状态的影响。方法选取2016年6月—2017年1月于四川大学华西医院行血液透析的肾病患者66例,按实施干预时间先后顺序分为观察组35例和对照组31例。观察组接受8次团体心理辅导,每周1次;对照组给予常规心理护理及健康指导。在干预前后和干预后第8周,采用多伦多述情障碍量表、汉密尔顿焦虑量表及汉密尔顿抑郁量表对两组患者进行调查。结果两组患者的述情障碍得分、焦虑、抑郁状态比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组患者的述情障碍得分及焦虑、抑郁状态低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论血液透析患者在述情障碍、焦虑、抑郁水平均较高,通过团体心理辅导可显著改善患者的述情障碍、焦虑和抑郁状态,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To evaluate the effect of group psychological counseling on alexithymia,depression and anxiety among the patients with hemodialysis. Methods Sixty-six patients with hemodialysis from West China Hospital,Sichuan University were recruited by using convenience sampling method during June 2016 and January 2017. They were divided into two groups in chronological order. The patients in the experimental group（ n = 35） received 8-week group psychological counseling（ once a week） while the patients in the control group received routine health education and psychological support. All patients were investigated using Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20（ TAS-20）,Hamilton Anxiety Scale（ HAMA） and Hamilton Depression Scale（ HAMD）at baseline and 8 weeks after intervention. Results At baseline,the total scores of TAS-20,HAMA and HAMD were similar in the two groups. After intervention,the total scores of TAS-20,HAMA and HAMD in the experimental groups were significantly lower than those in the control group（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion The patients with hemodialysis had high levels of alexithymia, depression and anxiety. Group psychological counseling could effectively relieve the symptoms of alexithymia,depression and anxiety. It should be applied and optimized during the nursing process.