阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患儿主要照顾者负荷及照护知识需求分析

Analysis of main caregivers′burden and needs for nursing knowledge in children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome

[目的]了解阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患儿居家照顾者照顾负荷及需求现状,探讨相关影响因素,为改善照顾者照顾行为提供依据。[方法]采用照顾负荷量表和照顾者照顾知识需求问卷对某三级甲等儿童专科医院耳鼻喉头颈外科427例阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患儿的主要照顾者427人进行调查。[结果]阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患儿的主要照顾者照顾负荷总分为37.78分±15.56分,负荷最大的前5项依次是睡眠受影响、休闲活动减少、生活习惯被打乱、压力增大、处于紧张状态。患儿年龄越小、照顾者为女性以及照顾者自身健康状况不佳均会增加照顾者的照顾负荷。照顾者对患儿术后疼痛干预、疾病饮食及用药指导方面的需求最为强烈。[结论]护理管理者需结合照顾者需求制定阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患儿主要照顾者的照顾方案,以提高其照顾水平,降低照顾负荷,从而加速患儿康复。

Objective：To understand the status quo of care load and demand of the family caregivers of the children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome,and to explore the related influencing factors,to provide the basis for improving the care behaviors of the caregivers.Methods：A survey was conducted for 427 main caregivers of 427 children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome in a third grade A hospital by using care load scale and the caregiver′s knowledge demand questionnaire.Results：The total care load score of caregivers of children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome was 37.78±15.56.The top five most important loads were affected sleep,leisure activities reduction,lifestyle disorder,stress and tension.The younger the child was,the female caregivers and the health of the caregivers would increase the burden of caregivers.Caregivers had the strongest need for postoperative pain intervention,especially disease diet and medication guidance.Conclusions：Nursing managers needed to develop the care plan of the main caregivers of the children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome,in order to improve their care level and reduce the care load,so as to accelerate the recovery of the children.