护理本科生学习风格现况及其影响因素

Status quo of learning styles in nursing undergraduates and its influencing factors

[目的]调查护理本科在校生学习风格现况及其影响因素。[方法]选择湖北省、山东省、江苏省8所高校的1 009名护理本科生对其进行问卷调查,采用Kolb学习风格量表和自主学习准备度量表翻译版测量护理本科生的学习风格类型及自主学习准备度情况。[结果]护理本科生学习风格构成情况为聚合型为297名(29.4%),同化型为245名(24.3%),发散型为240名(23.8%),顺应型为227名(22.5%)。护理本科生学习过程得分情况:抽象概念为31.48分±7.00分,反思观察为30.74分±5.53分,主动实践为30.45分±6.52分,具体经验为27.33分±8.15分。自主学习准备度得分为148.42分±14.80分。性别、年级、毕业后打算、护理专业满意度、自主学习准备度、授课语言是护理本科生学习风格的主要影响因素。[结论]护理本科生具有不同的学习风格,其中聚合型所占比例最高,顺应型所占比例最低,护理本科生更多运用抽象概念来感知信息,缺少具体经验感知信息的能力。教育者可通过影响因素更直观地理解学生不同学习风格形成的原因,以便为不同学生提供合适的教学方法。

Objective：To investigate status quo and influencing factors of learning styles in nursing undergraduates.Methods：A total of1 009 nursing undergraduates were selected from 8 universities in Hubei,Shandong and Jiangsu provinces,and they were conducted questionnaire surveys,the types of learning styles and self-directed learning readiness of undergraduate nursing students were measured by the Kolb′s Learning Styles Inventory and the Self-directed Learning Readiness Scale（SDLRS）.Results：In the learning styles of nursing undergraduates,there was 297 cases（29.4%）for aggregation,245 cases（24.3%）for assimilation,240 cases（23.8%）for divergence,and 227 cases（22.5%）for compliance.Nursing undergraduate′s learning process scores：the abstract concept score was 31.48±7.00,the reflection observation score was 30.74±5.53,the active practice score was 30.45±6.52,and the specific experience score was 27.33±8.15.The self-directed learning preparation score was 148.42±14.80.Gender,grade,post-graduation plan,nursing professional satisfaction,self-learning readiness,and instructional language were the main influencing factors of nursing undergraduates′learning style.Conclusions：Nursing undergraduates had different learning styles,among which the proportion of aggregation type was the highest and the proportion of compliant type was the lowest.Nursing undergraduates used abstract concepts to perceive information and lacked the ability of specific experiences to perceive information.In order to provide appropriate teaching methods for different students,educators could more intuitively understand the reasons for the formation of different learning styles through influencing factors.