FSAE方程式赛车车架的设计与轻量化

The Design of FSAE Formula Frame with Light Weight

为满足FSAE(formula student automobile equation)方程式赛车车架强度和刚度的要求,其安全裕度较大,为充分挖掘车架的轻量化潜力,运用有限元分析软件依次对车架进行了SIMP方法的拓扑设计和截面尺寸优化,通过改变模型参数值,同时在网格模型保持不变的情况下,采用尺寸优化技术模拟3种实际赛道工况,在保证刚度和强度前提下车架最大变形量相应减少了7%、7.5%、14.7%,最大应力在200 MPa以内,车架质量减少了32%.最后通过模态与试验分析,优化设计的车架有效避开了与外部激励的耦合效应,8字绕环测试所用时间减少了3%.该赛车车架实现了轻量化的目的.

The safety margin of FSAE（ formula student automobile equation） racing car should be large. To meet the requirements of strength and stiffness,fully tap the potential for lightweight frame,This paper optimizeed topology design and section size of car frame in the SIMP method with the finite element analysis software. Considering the mesh of model remains unchanged and simulating three track actual conditions by the size of optimization method,we change the model parameter values,and the corresponding maximum deformation of car＇s frame decreases by 7%,7. 5%,14. 7% respectively under the certain strength and stiffness of car＇s frame. When the maximum stress was less than 200 MPa,the quality of the frame was reduced by 32%.Finally,Through the modal analysis and test,optimization design of the frame could effectively avoid the coupling effect and external excitation,the eight around the ring test time could be reduced by 3%. The racing car frame achieveed the purpose of light weight.