非充分灌溉对酿酒葡萄赤霞珠光合日变化的影响

Effects of Deficient Irrigation on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Wine Grape

为探明酿酒葡萄的需水规律,选择四年生酿酒葡萄赤霞珠(Cabernet Sauvignon)为试验材料,测定在充分和非充分灌溉处理条件下葡萄叶片的净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)和水分利用效率(WUE)共5个光合指标,研究不同灌溉处理对赤霞珠的光合作用参数日变化的影响。结果表明:充分灌溉与非充分灌溉条件下,葡萄叶片的净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和气孔导度(Gs)日变化呈双峰曲线,出现明显"午休"现象。Pn、Tr和Gs日变化规律相近,均呈总体下降,变化趋势依次为CK>T1>T2>T3,而胞间CO2浓度呈先降低后升高趋势,水分利用效率变化趋势依次为T1>T2>CK>T3;非充分条件下,可以减少葡萄的无效蒸腾,有效提高水分利用效率,实现高效灌溉。

In order to determine the water requirement of wine grapes,we took 4 years of wine grape Cabernet Sauvignon as testing material,and investigated the daily change of five photosynthetic indexes including net photosynthetic rate（Pn）,transpiration rate（Tr）,stomatal conductance（Gs） intercellular CO 2 concentration（Ci） and water use efficiency（WUE） under different irrigation conditions.The results showed that the daily change of Pn,Tr and Gs of grape leaf showed double-peak curve with apparent noon break phenomenon under non-full and full irrigation condition.The daily change laws of Pn,Tr and Gs were the similar to each other,with trend of general declination of CK〉T1〉T2〉T3.While intercellular CO 2 concentration showed the trend from declination to ascending,and the change trend of the water use efficiency was T1〉 T2〉CK〉T3.