云南省新平县烟农队伍分析与发展途径

The Tobacco Farmers in Xinping County of Yunnan Province and the Development Approach

以新平县烟农为研究对象,分析新平县种烟情况、烟农收入、烟农年龄结构、种植规模、均产量及收购均价,种烟成本变化趋势。发现新平县存在着烟农老龄化严重,平均年龄为49.94岁;户均种植规模较小,虽然种植0.667 hm^2以下烟农连年减少,但仍占总烟农数量的60.42%;种烟收益偏低,经济作物与烟争地情况严重;科技措施推广落地难等问题。为提高种烟收益,稳定烟农队伍,必须加快培育职业烟农,优先发展种植大户;优化布局,规划连片种植,推广机械化作业和集约化生产;增强专业化服务,提高种烟收益,加大科技措施推广力度。

Taking the tobacco farmers in Xinping County as the research object,and analyzing on tobacco planting,tobacco farmers income,the age structure of tobacco farmers,the planting scale,the average yield and purchase price,the cost of tobacco planting of Xinping country,this paper found that the situation of tobacco farmers＇ aging is very serious in Xinping country and the average age is 49. 94 years old; the scale of household planting is relatively small. Although the number of tobacco farmers below 0. 667 hm2 is decreasing,it still accounts for 60. 42% of the total number of tobacco farmers.The income of tobacco planting is low,and there is a serious conflict between about land between economic crops and tobacco. It is difficult to promote the implementation of scientific and technological measures. In order to raise the income of tobacco planting and stabilize the tobacco farmers,we must accelerate the cultivation of professional tobacco farmers and give priority to developing large tobacco farming. We also need to optimize the layout of tobacco planting,plan continuous cropping and promote mechanized operation and intensive production; we will enhance professional services,raise the revenue of tobacco planting and increase the promotion of scientific and technological measures.