颌面部骨折患者心理现状及其影响因素的研究

The psychological current status and influence factors of patients with maxillofacial fractures

目的了解口腔颌面部骨折患者伤后的心理现状及其影响因素,以期达到更好的治疗效果和预后。方法对2015年8月至2016年3月四川省人民医院口腔颌面外科36例颌面部骨折患者进行问卷调查。结果 36例患者中18例(50%)的焦虑和抑郁自评分值同时高于常模。患者的性别、民族对心理状态的影响有统计学差异,男性及汉族患者更易表现出焦虑抑郁;医药报销方式、影响说话及面容改变程度与之成正相关,学历、婚姻、家庭收入与之成负相关(P<0.05)。结论颌面部骨折患者普遍表现为负性精神状态,并具体表现为睡眠障碍、便秘、消化不良、乏力等躯体症状,医护人员和家属都应重视其心理变化,并采取预防感染、口腔护理、饮食护理以及早期治疗等措施减少相关因素的影响,改善其焦虑抑郁的心理状态。

Objective To understand the psychological current status and influence factors of patients with maxillofacial fractures in order to provide more effective clinical treatments and better prognosis.Methods Thirty-six patients with maxillofacial fractures in Sichuan Provincial People＇s Hospital from August 2015 to March 2016 were selected as research objects and tested by a questionnaire survey.Results Of the 36 patients,18（ 50%） had higher SAS and SDS scores than that of common model.There was statistical difference in psychological status among genders and nationality. Male and Han patients were more likely to appear anxiety and depression.The expense way,degree of influence to speak and face changes took a positive relationship with the scores while the education background,marital status and family income were negatively correlated with the scores（ P〈0. 05）.Conclusion The patients with maxillofacial fractures always show a negative psychological status.Sleep disturbance,constipation,indigestion and dizziness are usual performances.The medical staff and patients＇ family should pay close attention to the psychological present status and take measures such as preventing infection,oral care,diet nursing and early treatment to reduce the influences of related factors,so that improve the psychological status of anxiety depression.