畜禽粪便高温厌氧消化产气特性比较研究

Comparison of Gas-producing Characteristics of Different Animal Manures in Thermophilic Anaerobic Digestion

厌氧消化是处理有机废弃物一种主流工艺。在实验室自行设计有效容积为1L的厌氧反应装置中,对鸡粪、猪粪及牛粪进行高温厌氧消化试验,对3种畜禽粪便高温厌氧消化过程含固率(TS),总有机碳(TOC),C/N,pH值的变化及其与甲烷产生量的关系进行了测定与分析。结果表明:消化物料TS和TOC含量及C/N随消化时间呈下降趋势,30d厌氧消化后,鸡粪、猪粪和牛粪的TS含量分别下降了35.9%,23.2%和47.5%;TOC含量分别下降了42.7%、39.2%和61.5%;C/N分别下降了12.6、11.0、18.6。而pH随消化时间呈先下降后上升并趋于稳定的变化趋势。TS、TOC及C/N减少量均与甲烷累积产生量成正相关,牛粪产甲烷效果优于鸡粪,猪粪最差。研究结果可为提高畜禽粪便厌氧消化产气效率提供基础参数。

Anaerobic digestion is a main technology for organic waste treatment.Thermophilic anaerobic digestion ex-periments of chicken manure,pig manure,and cattle manurewere carried out in anaerobic reaction device of 1 Lworking volume.The total solid（TS）,total organic carbon（TOC）,C/N,and pH value were measured in the process ofthermophilic anaerobic digestion and their relationships with methane production were analyzed.The results showedthat TS、TOC,and C/Nof the digestion materials were decreased gradually with digestion time.TS contents of chickenmanure,pig manure,and cattle manure declined by 35.9%,23.2%,and 47.5%respectively,TOC contents decreasedby 42.7%,39.2%,and 61.5% respectively,and C/N declined by 12.6,11.0,and 18.6 respectively after 30 d anaero-bic digestion.But pH valueswere deceased first and then increased and later to a constant valuein different treat-ments as digestion time want on.The losses of TS,TOC,and C/N all positively correlated to thetotal methane produc-tion.The methane production of cattle manure was better than that of chicken manure,and the pig manure was theworst.The resultsof this studycan providebasic parameters support for increasinggas-producing efficiency of livestockand poultry manure in anaerobic digestion.