个体化全程健康教育模式在糖尿病患者护理中的作用

Application of Individualized Whole-Course Health Education Model in Nursing Care of Diabetes

目的探讨个体化全程健康教育模式在糖尿病患者护理中的作用。方法便利抽样选取上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院内分泌科2016年8月至2017年3月收治的96例糖尿病患者,根据入院时间先后分为对照组和观察组,每组各48名患者。对照组患者实施传统的健康教育模式,观察组患者实施个体化全程健康教育模式。评价并比较两组患者出院时护理服务满意度及糖尿病相关知识掌握情况,以及干预前及干预后3个月、6个月后患者的血糖、糖化血红蛋白及不良事件发生率。结果干预前,两组患者的空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、糖化血红蛋白比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。干预后观察组患者的服务满意度和糖尿病相关知识的掌握良好率高于对照组,空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、糖化血红蛋白低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);且干预后观察组患者的糖尿病空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、糖化血红蛋白均较干预前显著降低(均P<0.01)。结论个体化全程健康教育模式可有效提高患者的满意度,增强患者对糖尿病相关知识和技能的掌握,并改善患者病情,降低出院后低血糖和糖尿病自护行为不良的发生率,可在临床护理中推广应用。

Objective To investigate the effect of individualized whole-course health education model in the nursing care of diabetic patients.Methods By convenience sampling method,96 cases of diabetes in the department of endocrinology between August 2016 to March 2017 were selected and divided into control group and observation group according to the time of admission,with 48 cases in each group.The control group received routine health education and observation group was applied with individualized whole-course health education on the basis of routine health education.The correlation between the two groups of patients with diabetes-related knowledge and satisfaction of nursing service were compared and analyzed.The blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin,and adverse events were compared between the two groups after 3 months and 6 months of follow-up.Results Before intervention,there was no statistical significance of the fasting blood glucose,2 hours postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin between two groups（all P〈0.05）.After intervention,the diabetes-related knowledge and patient satisfaction in observation group were significantly higher than that of control group,while the fasting blood glucose,2 hours postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin in observation group were lower than that of control group（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）.In observation group,the fasting blood glucose,2 hours postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin of diabetic patients were significantly lower after intervention（all P〈0.01）.Conclusions Individual whole-course health education can effectively improve the patient＇s satisfaction,enhance the patients＇ diabetes-related knowledge and skills,and improve the patient＇s symptoms,reduce the incidence of adverse events.It is worth of clinical promotion.