“⊥”形气管切口在气管切开术中的应用

The Application of “⊥” Trachea Incision in Tracheotomy

目的探讨"⊥"形切口在气管切开术中的临床疗效及应用.方法对昆明医科大学第一附属医院2014年3月至2015年12月共300例气管切开术前瞻性研究,采用"⊥"形气管切口(A组)和"I"形气管切口(B组)行气管切开术,统计"一次性顺利插入、气囊破裂、相关并发症"数据.结果一次性顺利插入:A组144/150例(96%),B组90/150例(60%),P<0.01;气囊破裂:A组3/150例(2%),B组15/150例(10%),P<0.05;术后并发症(术后出血、皮下气肿、气胸、喉气管狭窄):A组10/150例(6.7%),B组25/150例(16.7%),P<0.05.结论 "⊥"形气管切口在气管切开术中,操作简单安全,并发症少,值得推广应用.

Objective The study discusses the clinical efficacy, surgical technique and new technology application of ＂ ⊥ ＂ incision in tracheotomy. Me thods From March 2014 to December 2015, a total of 300 patients treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University with tracheotomy prospective were studied.The statistics of success rate of incision, balloon cuff rupture and complications of ＂ ⊥ ＂ form incision（group A） and＂I＂form incision（group B） during tracheotomy.Result In group A, 144 out of 150 cases（96%） were inserted successfully for the first try,while the first incision was successful in 90/150 cases of group B（60%）（P〈0.01）. Balloon cuff rupture was found in 3/150 cases（2%） in group A and 15/150 cases（10%）in group B（P 〈0.05）. The postoperative complications（postoperative bleeding, subcutaneous emphysema,pneumothorax, laryngotracheal stenosis） were observed in 10/150 cases（6.7%） in group A and 25/150 cases（16.7%） in group B（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The＂⊥＂ tracheal incision is simple, safe and causes fewer complications. It is worthy of generalization and application.