不同饼肥替代部分化肥对烤烟生长的影响

Effects of Partial Replacement of Different Cake Fertilizer on Growth of Flue-cured Tobacco

试验选用菜粕、豆粕、芝麻粕3种有机原料,按不同比例组合发酵制成饼肥,采用盆栽的方式,研究了化肥减量配施不同比例饼肥对烤烟生长、干物质积累及生理代谢的影响。结果表明:同单纯施用化肥相比,施用饼肥能够促进烟株的生长,有利于碳氮代谢的进行,生物量积累增加;当饼肥Ⅰ、Ⅱ的施用比例由25%提高至50%时,能够促进烟株的生长和生物量的积累;但饼肥Ⅲ的施用比例以25%的效果较好。各处理中以50%饼肥Ⅱ+50%化肥的处理烟株生长状况最佳,其次为25%饼肥Ⅲ+75%化肥的处理。综合考虑生产成本和施用成本,以25%饼肥Ⅲ+75%化肥的处理较适宜在生产中推广应用。

Three organic materials, vegetable meal, soybean meal and sesame meal, were selected and fermented in different proportions to make cake fertilizer. In a potted plant, the different ratio of cake fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizers on the growth of flue-cured tobacco was studied. The results showed that compared with single application of chemical fertilizer, cake fertilizer can promote the growth of tobacco plants, conducive to the metabolism of carbon and nitrogen, and the biomass accumulation increased. When the use of cake fertilizer Ⅰ and Ⅱ was increased to 50%, it can promote the growth and biomass accumulation of tobacco plants. But the proportion of the 25% cake fertilizer Ⅲ was better than 50%. The treatment of 50% cake fertilizer Ⅱ ＋ 50% chemical fertilizer was optimal, followed by that of 25% cake fertilizer Ⅲ ＋ 75% chemical fertilizer. Comprehensive comparison of production cost and application cost, the latter was preferred.