拱形地铁车站火灾烟流模拟研究

A Simulation Study of the Fire Smoke Flow in an Arch-Shaped Subway Station

以某拱形无柱地铁车站为研究背景,利用FDS软件模拟拱形站厅火灾无机械排烟下的烟流情况,得出拱形站厅的烟气向拱顶中间聚集;将拱形站厅设置拱顶中间排烟和两侧排烟两种情况,模拟不同排烟设置下的温度变化情况,分析疏散时间和疏散出口,对比得到拱顶中间设置排烟效果更优。通过对拱形无柱地铁车站通风排烟方式展开研究,对指导人员疏散、减少人员伤亡和财产损失具有重要意义。

With an arch-shaped column-free subway station as the background of our studies,the smoke flow under fire without the mechanical exhausting of smoke in the arch-shaped station hall is simulated by means of the FDS software in the paper,from which it is concluded that the smoke from the arch-shaped station hall is gathered in the middle of the vault.Then the two situations of exhausting smoke in the middle of the arch and on both sides of the arch are respectively simulated,upon the basis of which the changes in temperature in the two different situations brought about by the two different smoke-exhausting modes are simulated too,with the evacuation time and evacuation exits analyzed.It is found from the comparative analysis that the smoke-exhausting effect in the middle of the top vault is better.Through the study of the ventilation and smoke-exhausting modes of the the arch-shaped column-free subway station,it is of great significance in guiding the evacuation of personnel,and reducing casualties and losses of property.