历史语境下生态文明内涵及其特征探析

On Connotation and Characteristics of Ecological Civilization in Historical Context

生态文明是人类文明发展的新阶段,生态文明建设已成为中国的战略国策。生态文明思想的产生与发展并非历史偶然,也非空想臆造,生态文明理论的肇始及其生长则与其所处特定时代的境遇息息相关。每况愈下的生态质量,日渐脆弱的生态系统,频发的国际环境事件,以及越发紧张的资源魔咒,迫使国际社会与公众开始反思工业现代化发展模式。中国是世界上第一个将生态文明建设正式作为发展战略的国家,顺应了时代发展的要求,丰富了国家发展战略的方向,确立了"五位一体"的发展格局,彰显了中国共产党对人类文明发展规律、自然规律和社会规律的深刻认知。生态文明作为一个独立词汇,由"家园学"关怀的生态学与解释人类社会进步的"文明"嫁接而成,有着深刻的历史属性、文化属性与制度属性。生态文明寄托了人类社会对"和合生境"的关怀与思考,是在资源束缚、环境衰退、社会变迁、各种思潮发展中应运而生并不断走向成熟的。依照文化进化论与结构理论的分析框架来看,生态文明在人与自然之间关系的解释上,都未脱离追求和谐共生的主旨。建设生态文明必须要认识到:高度发达的物质文明是生态文明的特征与前提,和谐共生是生态文明的基本理念,改善人与自然之间的关系是生态文明建设的主要着力点,实现社会经济可持续发展是生态文明建设的旨向。

Ecological civilization is a new stage of human civilization development.The construction of ecological civilization has become China.s national strategic policy.The emergence and development of ecological civilization is neither an accident of history nor a wild fancy.The beginning and growth of the theory of ecological civilization are closely related to the situation of a particular era.Severe ecological degradation,increasingly fragile ecosystems,frequent international environmental events,as well as the increasingly tense resource curse,forced the international community and the public to reflect on the model of industrial modernization development.China is the first country in the world to take the construction of ecological civilization as its development strategy.China adapted to the development of the era,enrich the national development strategy,established the＂five-in-one＂development pattern,showed the profound cognition of the Communist Party of China to human civilization,natural law and social law.Ecological civilization as a term composed of ecology,which is to care＂human.s home＂,and civilization,which is to explain the development of human society,has profound historical,cultural and institutional nature.Ecological civilization concerns human society and the＂harmony habitat＂,which arises with the background of resource depletion,environmental degradation,and develop into maturity with social change and the emergence of kinds of ideas.According to the analysis framework of cultural evolution and structural theory,ecological civilization has not deviated from the theme of pursuing harmonious coexistence in the interpretation of the relationship between man and nature.To construct ecological civilization,we must realize that highly developed material civilization is the characteristics and the premise,harmonious coexistence is the basic notion,improvement of the relationship between man and nature is a major focus,and social and economic sustainable development is the direction.