金属切削变形对已加工表面质量的影响

Effects on Machined Surface Quality due to Metal Cutting Deformation

当工件进入装配成为机器零件后,已加工表面质量对该零件的使用性能会造成很大的影响。表面质量的主要标志是表面粗糙度、加工硬化和残余应力。根据金属切削原理中对切削变形的研究理论,分析了金属切削变形对表面形成过程的内在影响:积屑瘤的生成增加了表面粗糙度值;刀具刃口和后刀面的挤压及摩擦使表面产生加工硬化;机械应力和热应力引起的变形使加工表面产生残余应力。

Machined surface quality will considerably influence the application performance of workpieces whenever it has been assembled as a machine component.The primary symbols of surface quality are surface roughness,work hardening,and residual stress.According to the research method of cutting deformation in metal cutting theory,this article analyzed the inner effect of the surface generating process due to metal cutting deformation.The built-up edge（BUE）increased the surface roughness,Work hardening on the surface would cause by the extrusion and friction between cutting edges and flanks of the cutter.Residual stress on machined surface would cause by the deformation due to mechanical stress and thermal stress.