攀枝花烟区土壤速效锌及锌肥适宜用量研究

Study on the Available Zine Contents and Appropriate Amount of Zinc Fertilizer in Panzhihua

[目的]明确攀枝花烟区土壤速效锌含量,探明锌肥施用标准。[方法]通过多年多点调查和田间试验,研究攀枝花烟区适宜的锌肥施用量及其对烟叶产质量的影响。[结果]攀枝花烟区土壤速效锌含量为0.08~4.60 mg/kg,平均为(1.72±1.01)mg/kg,16.17%的土壤速效锌含量极其丰富(>3.0 mg/kg),58.65%的土壤速效锌含量丰富(1.0~3.0 mg/kg)。米易烟区土壤速效锌含量>3.0 mg/kg和1.0~3.0 mg/kg的比例分别占24.07%和66.80%,仁和分别占4.81%和35.58%,盐边分别占12.30%和60.96%。施用锌肥可以提高烟叶产量、产值、均价,提高上等烟和中上等烟比例。烟叶产量最高平均施锌量为(7.60±1.62)kg/hm^2,产值最高平均施锌量为(8.95±3.70)kg/hm^2。施用锌肥使攀枝花烟叶较好地保持了清甜香型烟叶的风格特色。[结论]该研究为指导锌肥施用提供数据支撑。

[Objective]To determine the available zinc content of Panzhihua tobacco-growing soil,to clear an application standard. [Method]To study an appropriate amount of zinc fertilizer and its effect on the yield and quality of tobacco leaf in Panzhihua tobacco area,the multipoint survey and the field experiments were carried out through three years at four test places. [Result]The available zinc variation of soil in Panzhihua tobacco-growing soil was 0.08-4.60 mg/kg,with an average of（ 1.72±1.01） mg/kg; 16.17% of the soil was extremely high in available zinc content（ 3.0 mg/kg） and 58.65% of the soil was high; 24.07%,4.81% and 12.30% of the soil samples were extremely high in available zinc content（ 3.0 mg/kg） in Renhe County,Miyi County and Yanbian County,respectively,and 66.80%,35.38% and 60.96%of the soil samples were high in available zinc content（ 1.0-3.0 mg/kg） in Renhe County,Miyi County and Yanbian County,respectively.The application of zinc fertilizer could increase the yield and the value of tobacco leaf,raised an equal price,increased the rates of first and secondary tobacco leaf. Appropriate amount of zinc fertilizer for the highest tobacco leaf yield was（ 7.60± 1.62） kg/hm2,and for the highest value was（ 8.95±3.70） kg/hm2. The using of zinc fertilizer could maintain the style characteristics of Qing Tian Flvaor tobacco leaves of the Panzhihua area.[Conclusion]This study provides data support for guiding the application of zinc fertilizer.