农作物事业育种研究行为的市场化转变

The Market-oriented Changes in Crop Career Breeding Research Behavior

我国现行大宗农作物育种仍然以事业育种为主。事业育种与企业育种相比存在以下问题而使育种效率低下:因机构重置而带来育种目标滞后,育成品种同质化;因成果追求概念不同而疏于配套栽培技术研究,使许多新品种难于推广应用;因育种成果非知识资本化处理而使研究缺乏原创动力。针对这些问题,提出了整合育种团队、统一做好规范化年度育种计划、建设生态多样化筛选鉴定测试点网、做好新品种(系)审定后栽培示范技术服务等现有事业育种行为市场化转变的方案。

China＇s current bulk crop breeding still focuses on career breeding.Compared with enterprise breeding,business breeding has the following problems and makes breeding efficiency inefficient： as a result of institutional resetting,lagging breeding objectives and homogenization of bred cultivars; due to the different concepts of the pursuit of results and the lack of research on supporting cultivation techniques,many new varieties are difficult to popularize and apply; because of the non-knowledge capitalization of breeding achievements,the research lacks original motivation.In response to these problems,some proposals has been made for the market-oriented transformation of existing business breeding practices： integrating the breeding team,unified and standardized the annual breeding program,building ecological diversification screening and appraisal and test point network,and doing a good job of the new breed（ system） certification after cultivation demonstration technology service.