急性下呼吸道感染患儿并发哮喘的影响因素分析

Analysis on Influencing Factors of Children with Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection Complicated with Asthma

目的分析急性下呼吸道感染患儿并发哮喘的影响因素,为防治哮喘提供临床依据。方法选取我院2016年11月至2017年10月收治的急性下呼吸道感染患儿80例,对可能导致下呼吸道感染患儿并发哮喘的危险因素进行单因素分析及多因素Logistic回归分析,观察胸片改变情况。结果 80例急性下呼吸道感染患儿中,8例(10.0%)并发哮喘。单因素分析结果显示,急性下呼吸道感染患儿合并哮喘与年龄、性别、过敏体质、哮喘家族史、病毒感染、既往哮喘病史有相关性(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,急性下呼吸道感染患儿合并哮喘与年龄、既往哮喘病史呈负相关,而与男性、过敏体质、哮喘家族史、病毒感染呈正相关(P均<0.05)。急性下呼吸道感染合并哮喘患儿的胸片改变情况与未合并哮喘者有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论年龄小、男性、有过敏体质、有哮喘家族史、有病毒感染、无既往哮喘病史的急性下呼吸道感染患儿合并哮喘的可能性较大,应积极采取预防措施减少哮喘的发生,合并哮喘患儿的胸片有相应改变可为诊断提供依据。

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of children with acute lower respiratory tract infection complicated with asthma, so as to provide a clinical basis for asthma prevention and treatment. Methods 80 cases of children with acute lower respiratory tract infection admitted to our hospital from November 2016 to October 2017 were selected. The risk factors of children with acute lower respiratory tract infection complicated with asthma were analyzed by single factor analysis and multiple factor Logistic regression analysis,and the changes of chest radiograph were observed. Results Among 80 cases of children, 8 cases（10.0%） had acute lower respiratory tract infection complicated with asthma. The single factor analysis results showed that the children with acute lower respiratory tract infection complicated with asthma had correlation with age, sex, allergic constitution, family history of asthma, virus infection and previous asthma（P〈0.05）. Multiple factor Logistic regression analysis reslults showed that the children with acute lower respiratory tract infection complicated with asthma had negative correlation with age and previous asthma, but had positive correlation with sex, allergic constitution, family history of asthma, and virus infection（all P〈0.05）. Chest radiograph changes in children with acute lower respiratory tract infection complicated with asthma were statistically different from those without asthma（P〈0.05）. Conclusions Children with acute lower respiratory infection,who are young, male, allergic or have family history of asthma and virus infection but no previous asthma, are likely to be complicated with asthma. Preventive measures should be taken actively to reduce the asthma, and the corresponding changes in chest radiograph can provide a basis for diagnosis of chilidren with asthma.